科舍尔（Kessel）

绿熊

Kessel 科舍尔

Climate:
Frigid
气候：
严寒

Terrain:
Desolate salt flats, barren rock and dark caverns
地形：
荒凉的盐滩、贫瘠的岩石和黑暗的地洞

电影

The infamous world of Kessel is known for its dreaded mines, hard labor correctional facilities where convicts are often sent to extract valuable spice from the rock. Smugglers have established a secret route in and out of the system called the Kessel Run.
臭名昭著的科舍尔星球以其恐怖的矿坑而闻名，这些矿坑是艰苦的劳改营，罪犯常被送去那里从岩石中开采昂贵的香料。走私者们开发了一条进出此星系的秘密航道，它被称为“科舍尔航程”。

衍生宇宙



A lumpy asteroidal mass that can barely be considered a planet, Kessel's claim to infamy lies in the precious strands of glitterstim spice that striates the otherwise unremarkable rock of the frigid world.
科舍尔是一个表面凸凹不平的小天体，勉强算一颗行星。科舍尔的恶名源于一条条宝贵的“灵光激现”香料，它们呈条纹状分布于这颗外表反而毫不起眼的寒冷岩石星球。

The Outer Rim planet is too small to hold an atmosphere of its own, so its surface is marked by massive air-producing factories that belch out breathable air. Despite these measures, the air is still too thin to breathe without oxygen masks, and the factory's output eventually bleeds away into space, leaving a vaporous trail behind Kessel as it orbits its bleak and distant sun.
这颗外环行星太小，没法保持自身的大气层，所以其表面分布着大型空气制造厂，用来喷出可呼吸的气体。尽管如此，空气仍然十分稀薄，不戴氧气面罩无法呼吸。制造厂的空气成品最后会流入太空，导致科舍尔环绕其遥远黯淡的恒星运行时，会在后面留下一道蒸汽尾迹。

The term "spice" has come to describe a wide variety of stimulants mined or processed from a number of worlds, but the glitterstim found on Kessel is easily the most valuable. Not only a euphoric psychotropic drug beneficial in therapeutic uses, the photoactive fibrous strands imbue a user with a temporary increase in latent telepathy. This, combined with the rarity of the substance, makes it incredibly valuable --- valuable enough to kill and die for.
“香料”这个术语用来描述一大类从各个世界开采或加工的兴奋剂，但科舍尔的“灵光激现”无疑是最值钱的。这些光敏纤维不仅是一种有益于治疗的欣快精神藥剂，还能暂时增强服用者的潜在心灵感应能力。这些优点加上这种物质的稀有，使它变得难以置信地珍贵——珍贵到足以促使人们为之杀人或献身。

When the Empire rose to power, it took control of the spice mining operations, cutting into the profits of a number of underworld enterprises. The Empire constructed a correctional facility on Kessel's blighted surface where criminals and political prisoners were forced to toil in freezing underground caves to extract the spice. Since the spice would be activated by any light whatsoever, the indentured miners had to work in absolute darkness as they harvested the precious strands.
帝国掌权时，控制了香料开采业，打扰了许多黑社会企业获利。帝国在科舍尔的荒芜地表建了一座劳改营，刑事犯和政治犯被迫在那里的寒冷地洞内艰辛地开采香料。由于只要有一丝光线，香料就会被激活，因此这些没有人身自由的矿工不得不在绝对黑暗中收割珍贵的香料丝线。

Faulty breathmasks, malfunctioning heating gear, sudden cave-ins and wrong turns were not the only threats an unfortunate miner could face. It was discovered that the source of the spice was a species of voracious energy spider that spun the spice strands as a form of web. A hapless miner that wandered too deep into a cave bearing a spice vein could find himself impaled by a spider, and have his life energy completely sucked out in mere moments.
损坏的呼吸面罩、失灵的加热装置、突发的洞穴塌方和错误在转弯方向并非不幸矿工所面临的仅有威胁。人们发现这种香料来源于一种贪吃的能量蜘蛛，它们能把香料丝线织成蛛网。一个倒霉的矿工如果过于深入富含香料矿脉的洞穴，就会被蜘蛛刺穿，其生命能量会在瞬间被吸干。

When not in the darkness of the mines, a criminal could find little hope in looking to the stars above Kessel. Not only was the system adequately guarded, but the skies were dominated by the startling display of the Maw Cluster, an unlikely conglomeration of black holes that would forever remind any souls on Kessel of their inescapable mortality.
即使不在黑暗的矿坑，罪犯也没什么希望逃入科舍尔上空的群星。这不仅因为该星系戒备森严，还因为天空被“无底洞”黑洞团的惊人景象所占据。这个难以想象的黑洞群无时无刻不在提醒科舍尔上的所有灵魂，他们难逃一死。

The criminal underworld still found ways to profit from the Imperial spice trade. Corrupt officials could easily be bribed to let portions of glitterstim cargoes go "missing," only to show up on Black Sun or Hutt freighters. Foolhardy smugglers looking to risk their lives for incredible profit would risk Imperial patrols near Kessel.
罪犯间的黑社会仍有办法从帝国香料贸易中获利。腐败官员被轻易買通后，会让一部分灵光激现货物“失踪”，然后在黑日或赫特人的货船上出现。为获取高额利润而不惜铤而走险的鲁莽走私者会威胁到科舍尔附近的帝国巡逻队。

The term Kessel Run came to encompass a number of smuggler methods designed to separate spice cargoes from licensed Imperial shippers. One particular method saw the quick distribution of spice along a slowly moving train of cargo freighters, while another approach was just a pure contest of raw speed that skirted dangerously close to the black holes of the Maw Cluster. A smuggler that managed to shave off a sizable portion of the 18-parsec Kessel Run had bragging rights indeed.
“科舍尔航程”这个术语包含了一系列从帝国合法货运渠道分取香料货物的走私方法。其中一个方法是沿一列缓慢移动的货船快速分发香料，而另一个方法纯粹是拼速度，即危险地掠过“无底洞”黑洞团的边缘。一个走私者如果把原本18秒差距的科舍尔航程成功削减一大部分，那绝对有资格夸夸其谈。

Aside from the spice, Kessel had another strategic value. It was the gateway to the Maw Cluster, wherein resided a top-secret Imperial think-tank devised by Grand Moff Tarkin. From the scientists sequestered in this forsaken patch of chaotic space came such stunning technological breakthroughs as the finalized Death Star design, the World Devastators, the Sun Crusher, the Ionic Ring, and the Subspace Holotransciever.
除了香料，科舍尔还有另一个战略意义。它是通向“无底洞”黑洞团的门户，黑洞团内驻扎着高级星区总督塔金建立的帝国的绝密智囊团。在这片被遗忘的混乱太空，与世隔绝的科学家们取得了死星最终设计、毁世者、灭日者、离子环和子空间全息收发器等惊人的技术突破。

Following the defeat of the Empire at Endor, a Rybet prison official named Moruth Doole seized control of the planet and the spice mining operation. Doole was in charge of the complex seven years after the Battle of Endor, when Imperial forces finally emerged from the Maw to battle the New Republic. Kessel became a battleground as experimental Imperial technologies were unleashed. An operational Death Star prototype opened fire on the planetoid, destroying its garrison moon.
帝国在恩多战败后，一个名叫莫鲁思·杜尔的赖贝特人监狱官员控制了这个星球和香料开采活动。恩多战役七年后，当帝国军队最终驶离“无底洞”，与新共和国作战时，杜尔依然掌管着这个基地。科舍尔成为帝国释放实验性科技的战场。一颗正常运转的死星原型对这颗小行星开火，结果摧毁了其驻防卫星。

In the skirmish that followed, Doole was killed and the mining complex fell to entrepreneur Lando Calrissian. He eventually turned the reigns of the operation to his friend Nien Nunb, who did away with forced labor and instead employed droid miners to harvest the spice.
在随后的冲突中，杜尔被杀，采矿基地转入企业家兰多·卡瑞辛名下。他最终将采矿活动的控制权交给朋友尼恩·农布，后者取消了强制劳动，改用机器人矿工开采香料。

幕后



Kessel first appeared in dialogue in A New Hope, where subjects such as its spice mines and the Kessel Run were mentioned in passing. The Kessel Run has been the topic of much speculation given Solo's confusing boast of completing the Kessel Run in "less than 12 parsecs." Given that a parsec is a unit of measurement and not of time, it hardly seemed like a speed record.
科舍尔最早在《新的希望》的对白中出现，里面顺便提及了香料矿和科舍尔航程之类的话题。由于索洛含糊其辞地自吹“不到12秒差距”就完成了科舍尔航程，因此科舍尔航程引发了众多猜测。鉴于秒差距是距离单位而非时间单位，因此这似乎不可能是一个速度纪录。

The Star Wars Technical Journal came up with a workable explanation that saw a Kessel Runner have to deposit smuggled spice shipments in between freighters traveling at a fixed speed, so that the shorter distance covered by said freighters during a Run was worth bragging about. Another version of the Kessel Run, spun out of the Jedi Academy Trilogy, required a smuggling ship to skirt close to the black holes of the Maw Cluster, shortening the distance only through skillful piloting and powerful engines.
《星球大战技术杂志》提出了一个可行的解释，即跑科舍尔航程的飞行员必须在以固定速度飞行的货船间放置走私的香料货物，因此在一次科舍尔航程中，上述货船跑的距离越短，该飞行员越值得夸口。《绝地学院三部曲》提出了另一个版本的科舍尔航程，即走私船必须掠过“无底洞”黑洞团的边缘，只有通过娴熟的驾驶技能和强大的引擎才能缩短这个距离。

Of course, the simplest solution is the one favored by George Lucas, and the one that appeared in the screenplay for A New Hope. Han's boast was nothing more than a lie, meant to hoodwink provincial customers. Obi-Wan's knowing glance suggests he saw right through Solo's meaningless bragging.
当然，最简单的解释还是乔治·卢卡斯所赞同的那一个，这个解释出现在《新的希望》的剧本里。汉的夸夸其谈不过是信口开河，故意欺骗孤陋寡闻的客户。欧比-旺心照不宣的一瞥暗示他已经看透了索洛毫无意义的吹嘘。